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↑↑冶金机械及自动化分学科发展↑↑↑
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↑张清东 孙彦广 尹忠俊 秦勤 曹建国 刘国勇 阳建宏 闫晓强 苏兰海↑↑
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↑↑Development of Metallurgical Machinery a↑nd Automation↑↑↑
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↑Zhang Qingdong, Sun Yanguang, Yin Zhongjun, Qin Qin, Cao Jianguo, Liu Guoyong, Yang Jianhong, Yan Xiaoqiang, Su Lanhai↑↑
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↑The repo↑rt summarizes the new theo↑ries, principals, sta↑ndpoints, methods, achievement a↑nd techniques in the fields of metallurgical machinery a↑nd metallurgical automation, as well as the great application a↑nd remarkable achievement in the development of Iron & Steel industry during the past two years. The future development trends a↑nd prospect of metallurgical machinery a↑nd metallurgical automation bring out through comparing home a↑nd abroad. The content of this repo↑rt is o↑rganized based on traditional subject catego↑ry: iron-making machinery, steel-making machinery, rolling machinery, metallurgy equipment& product examination a↑nd metallurgy process automatic control. From above mentioned five subjects, the current status is summarized including awards, appraisal, patents, papers, great subject, majo↑r project, enterprise technical achievement a↑nd other typical construction achievement that reflect the subject development by autho↑rity a↑nd la↑ndmark events seeking truth from facts. Secondly, the repo↑rt reflects three basic routes a↑nd motivation of equipment development—realizing process thought, improving info↑rmation/automation, applying new machinery design/manufacturing techniques. ↑↑
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↑Reviewing the past two years, China iron & steel industry has obtained great achievement, also encountered many new situations. The equipment level of iron & steel industry has been improved as the fast development of China iron & steel industry. The ability of research on metallurgical machinery & automation equipment, integration complete set a↑nd construction has been significantly enhanced, especial in autonomy-o↑riented ability a↑nd application level. However, since 2008 second half wo↑rld financial crisis induces recession in real economy that caused market dema↑nd destruction fo↑r steel production. Low speed development arises that maybe enter a new development stage a↑nd model. From the end of 2008 to January 14th 2009, State Department Discuss a↑nd Pass on the Principle the iron a↑nd steel industrial restructuring a↑nd rejuvenation program. This aggravates the meaning of 2008 turning year fo↑r iron a↑nd steel industry. The program includes eliminating obsolete capacity, speeding up innovation, promoting alliances a↑nd mergers a↑nd cutting expo↑rt tariffs. Therefo↑re, it can predict that nation will take advantage of this global economic adjustment to carry out the adjustment of China iron & steel industrial structure a↑nd development model↑↑,↑↑to promote the development of China iron & steel industry that can further improve the equipment level of iron & steel industry, especial in autonomy-o↑riented ability a↑nd application level of metallurgical machinery & automation equipment. This is a new majo↑r oppo↑rtunity.↑↑
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↑冶金机械及自动化分学科发展报告(2008-2009)旨在概述2007年至2008年两年间,我国在冶金机械以及冶金自动化领域取得的新的理论、原理、观点、方法、成果及技术和在钢铁产业发展中的重大应用、重大成果,并试图通过与国外的对比分析做出关于我国冶金机械及自动化领域未来发展趋势的展望。报告的撰写采取我国的学科分类习惯,按炼铁机械、炼钢机械、轧钢机械、冶金设备及产品检测、冶金过程自动控制等五个方面分别进行分学科现状总结,并且将本领域的奖励、鉴定、专利、论文、重大课题、重大工程、企业重大技术成果以及其他典型学科建设成果作为可以反映“发展”的标志性事件,而以上述标志性事件为依据和线索进行实事求是的总结。其次,报告也力图反映一般机械设备发展的三个基本路径和动因——实现工艺思想、提高信息化/自动化水平、应用机械设计/制造的新技术。↑↑
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↑回顾过去,2007年和2008年是我国钢铁工业发展的不平凡的两年,也是我国冶金机械及自动化领域发展不平凡的两年,取得了诸多成绩也面临新的形势。伴随着中国钢铁工业的兴盛繁荣和迅猛发展,我国钢铁工业的装备水平进一步提高,我国冶金机械及自动化装备的研制和集成成套及建设开工的能力显著加强,特别是我国冶金机械及自动化装备的自主化能力及应用水平都迅速提高。但是,进入2008年下半年,多年持续高速发展的中国钢铁工业,因世界金融危机引发实体经济衰退导致的钢铁产品市场需求下降,开始出现发展减速并可能进入新的发展阶段和发展模式。从2008年底开始酝酿在2009年1月14日国务院常务会议审议并原则通过的《钢铁产业调整振兴规划》,将与2008年下半年的钢铁行业情势急转共同成为我国钢铁工业发展的标志性事件。这一规划明确指出,加快钢铁产业调整振兴,必须以控制总量、淘汰落后、联合重组、技术改造、优化布局为重点,推动钢铁产业由大变强。为此,一要统筹国内外两个市场,落实扩大内需措施,拉动国内钢材消费,实施适度灵活的出口税收政策,稳定国际市场份额;二要严格控制钢铁总量,淘汰落后产能,不得再上单纯扩大产能的钢铁项目;三要发挥大集团的带动作用,推进企业联合重组,培育具有国际竞争力的大型和特大型钢铁集团,优化产业布局,提高集中度;四要加大技术改造、研发和引进力度,在中央预算内基建投资中列支专项资金,推动钢铁产业技术进步,调整品种结构,提升钢材质量;五要整顿铁矿石进口市场秩序,规范钢材销售制度,建立产销风险共担机制。因此,可以预期,国家将在此次全球性的经济调整周期中,继续并加快实施对于我国钢铁工业的产业结构乃至发展模式的调整,主导和推动我国钢铁产业由大变强。这对于更进一步提高我国钢铁工业的装备水平尤其是我国冶金机械及自动化装备的自主化能力及应用水平,将是一个新的重大机遇。↑↑
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